These may include substrate and product toxicity, variations or extreme pH values, high or variable temperature and pressure values, presence of competitors (biological or chemical contamination), inability to use all components of the substrate, and others [4].
Despite the efficiency of Maxam-Gilbert sequencing method, the use of hazardous chemical and inability to read long PCR fragments made this method replaced by Sanger sequencing that was based on dideoxynucleotide chain termination [ 44].
These genes appear unlikely to guard against environmental chlorite, because of its chemical instability and the inability of negatively charged chlorite to passively enter cells.
Exploring the ocean is harder than space, Spinrad said, due to crushing pressures, a harsh chemical environment, the inability to communicate with radio frequencies, and no light.
The third chemical with predicted inability to cross the BBB was anthralin (Table 1).
From a pulmonary perspective, inhalation exposure to some of these highly hazardous and irritative chemicals induces initial choking, inability to breathe deeply, and excessive output of secretions in the nose and throat from acute irritation.
A number of factors are involved: the high rates of absorption and retention of chemicals by the fetus, inability of the fetal liver to metabolize and detoxify toxins efficiently, the immaturity of fetal mechanisms of DNA repair and immune response, and the high rate of cell proliferation.
He believes that quantum chemistry's inability to reduce chemical properties is simply a manifestation of the problems shared by all of the computationally complex sciences.
Together with the relatively small chemical shift changes and the inability to determine the binding constant with surface plasmon resonance (data not shown), this suggests that the binding site has a low affinity for ATP.
Although the reason for inability of the chemical to restore telomerase activity is not known, we speculate that the inhibitory effect of 5-aza-CdR on DNA synthesis and telomerase activity may be the cause.
