Blood urea nitrogen, sCr, and hsCRP levels were analyzed with a chemical analyzer (Hitachi 7600; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan).
Plasma glucose levels, serum albumin, and serum creatinine levels were analyzed with a chemical analyzer (Hitachi 7600; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan).
After centrifugation (10 minutes 1500xG), plasma was analyzed with a routine clinical chemical analyzer, Synchron LX20PRO (Beckman Coulter Inc., USA).
Blood and urine samples were analyzed using a Dade Behring Dimension RxL chemical analyzer (Siemens, Germany).
To avoid confounding effects of center-to-center analytical variation, aliquots of all OGTT specimens were analyzed at the HAPO Central Laboratory (Belfast, Northern Ireland, U.K). using a chemical analyzer (Vitros 750; Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, Rochester, NY), and those results are used here.
Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the serum were analyzed by commercial kits (Maker, Biotechnology Inc., Sichuan, China) and the chemical analyzer 7020 (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan).
Plasma creatinine and urea were measured using standard clinical chemical methods (Cobas Integra 800 Clinical Chemical Analyzer, Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland).
Serum glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol will be measured by spectrophotometry (Chemical Analyzer ILAB 650, Instrumentation Laboratory), and serum apolipoproteins A and B, will be measured by kinetic nephelometry (Immunochemistry Analyzer IMMAGE 800, BeckmanCoulter).
Total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol were determined using a Hitachi 7060 Automatic Chemical Analyzer in the CDC laboratory.
To assess liver damage, serum AST and ALT were measured using an Automated Chemical Analyzer Bayer Adviaa #1650; Leverkusen, Germany).
Plasma HDL and total cholesterol were measured using a VT350 Automatic Chemical Analyzer (Johnson & Johnson; Indianapolis, IN).
