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None of these outcomes have been used in an Arabic speaking country so they will be translated from English to Arabic and back translated to English, checked for any discrepancies by independent bilingual translator and original author for each instrument to maintain content validity.
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Make sure to check for any discrepancies between your credit reports and any activity that looks inaccurate or fraudulent.
All association models with all traits were re-analyzed using GENSTAT [ 41] to check for any discrepancy.
We then combined these two English translations into one by reaching a consensus with the two translators in the same way as in Step 1. Afterwards, two bilingual individuals, whose native language was English, checked for any semantic discrepancies between the Japanese translation in Step 1 and the backward translation in Step 2. All these backward translators were blinded to the original scale.
The research coordinator compared the two forward translations and checked them for any discrepancies.
A research coordinator compared the two forward translations and checked them for any discrepancies.
The back-translated version was compared with the original German one by a third translator and checked for conceptual discrepancies.
In Phase 3, five university lecturers at the authors' college (native English speakers) compared the original scale and the back-translation brought about by Phase 2, and checked for semantic discrepancies.
In the current model submitted data are checked for obvious discrepancies; however potential misinterpretation of data elements by local data collectors is not assessed during the data collection process.
Pairs of data-extraction forms will be checked for discrepancies.
Initial inspection of the data checked for discrepancies in coding, and explored patterns of missing data.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com