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The bytecode is transformed into CCS (Calculus of Communicating Systems) processes, which are successively checked for equivalence.
An organisation called the National Academic Recognition Information Centres checks for equivalence of degrees awarded in different European Union countries.
This study was designed to check for the equivalence of the ZKPQ-50-CC (Spanish and French versions) through Internet on-line (OL) and paper and pencil (PP) answer format.
After a final check for linguistic equivalence and harmonisation across the three language versions, the FibroDetect tool was ready for the validation study.
This involves multiple independent forward translations by native speakers, reconciliation of the translations into one form, backward translation of this translation into English to check for conceptual equivalence and small qualitative debriefing tests [ 19].
Translation was independently checked for conceptual equivalence by another researcher with appropriate language skills.
Upon experts' approval, the revised version of the screening tool was harmonized among languages and checked for linguistic equivalence.
Upon approval from the experts, the revised test version was harmonized among the three languages and checked for linguistic equivalence by a linguistic expert.
The questionnaire was first prepared in English and later translated into Amharic (the local language) and back translated into English to check for its conceptual equivalence.
This chapter shows the basic algorithms for equivalence checking and model checking in RTL or gate-level designs.
These techniques are based upon on-the-fly resolution of (alternation-free) boolean equation systems, implemented in a generic software library named Cæsar_Solve, which is currently used for equivalence checking and model checking.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com