The alternatives which are needed include not for profit banks and lenders such as credit unions and community development financial institutions, as well as social enterprises and charitable finance organisations.
As the Altria Group begins moving its headquarters out of New York and phasing out its charitable arts financing here, where does that leave the Whitney?
When it moved its headquarters to Richmond, Va., from New York last year and stopped its charitable arts financing, it donated its art collection to a number of museums including the Whitney.
American Jews know the wildly successful Jewish National Fund, a private, charitable organization financing Israeli economic development projects with bonds sold in the Diaspora.
Hamas runs numerous educational and charitable organizations financed with money from outside, and also has an active military branch that it refuses to disarm.
Nor is it reasonable to assume that all of his charitable contributions financed private social welfare; much of the Mormon Church's received contributions go into business investments, as Bloomberg Businessweek has reported.
It is among the newest of charities set up by elected officials, including members of Congress, or their families that are mutually beneficial: companies seeking to influence politicians or curry favor can donate unrestricted amounts of money, while the officials benefit from the good will associated with charitable work financed by businesses.
With his wife, Ilusion, he runs Cesar Millan Inc., the center of a constellation of businesses that coordinates all things Cesar beyond the show, including speaking engagements; executive leadership seminars; a line of organic dog food, fortified water, shampoos and toys that sells at Petco; and the charitable foundation financed by an undisclosed percentage of the company's revenue.
Hamas is moving hard into politics, its popularity based on its extensive social-welfare and charitable system, financed largely from the outside, including Iran; its resistance to Israel; and its reputation for honesty compared with the weakness and corruption of Fatah.
Half of the profits from the new range will be donated to charitable causes including financing apprenticeships to foster craftspeople of the future.
