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As might be expected for a charging sample, edges of the sheet viewed at high magnification would tend to vibrate and wobble.
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This effect was more evident upon annealing the charged sample while increasing the annealing temperature, and at 400 °C, the coated one showed a more suppressed formation of the NiO phase from the spinel LiNi2O4 phase than the uncoated sample.
On the other hand, the negatively charged particles (NO3− and electrons) migrate towards the positively charged sample.
Employing micro/nanofluidic networks, the ICP phenomena are frequently utilized to preconcentrate charged sample analytes [3, 7, 8].
For achieving directed self-assembly of nanoparticles, a charged sample was immersed vertically into a colloidal emulsion for 10 s.
For sufficiently large separation distances where the electric double layers developed around the charged sample and tip weakly overlap, FElec may be expressed within the Debye-Hückel approximation as detailed by Ohshima [81].
X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements are performed for the discharged and charged samples.
The fatigue crack growth behaviour of the hydrogen charged samples were compared with specimens without any dissolved hydrogen.
In order to avoid charging, the sample analyzed with WDS was coated with carbon.
Initial charging with sample was performed as shown in Figure 1c.
The resin Amberlite™ XAD7HP (free of charge sample) was from Rohm and Haas (Coventry, UK).
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