A rapid decrease in polymer molecular weight and polymer mass demonstrates the influence of charged functionalities in the backbone.
Additionally, the presence of acidic surface groups on the adsorbent or the use of a basic electrolyte improved the desorption process thanks to the increase in negatively charged functionalities and the promotion of electrostatic repulsions.
The surface modification of a wide band gap semiconducting shell around a narrow band gap core can alter the charge, functionality, and reactivity of the materials and consequently enhance the functional properties due to localization of the electron-hole pairs [33 35].
The results clearly demonstrate that considerable improvements in membrane performance can be achieved by proper design of the membrane charge functionality, and in particular the spacer arm length, providing new opportunities for optimization of ultrafiltration membranes for bioprocessing applications.
This study confirms that the appropriate design of membrane charge functionality could be an effective way for better removal of humic acid and reduction of membrane fouling due to the electrostatic interactions with the combination effect of membrane pore size.
This polypyrrole-tailored activated carbon hosted positively charged polypyrrole functionality that offered sorption capacity for sulfate.
Combining spin and charge functionalities is expected to bring a renaissance in compound semiconductors.
The AC includes the identity management and charging record generation functionalities, which are used to enforce admission control and subscription-based charging, respectively.
Instagram might have understandably seen these apps as parasitic, charging users for unofficial functionality or encouraging audience growth hacking that can lead to spam.
Much like the nascent convenience of wireless charging generally, the additional functionality offered by the iQi can be marginally useful sometimes — but only when it's not being a bit annoying.
