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Charging assay: Add 10 µl of assayed chromatographic fraction to 90 µl of charging mix containing, at final concentration in the reaction mix, [10 mM PEP; 1 mM ATP; 0.05 mg/ml pyruvate kunase (KP), 0.003 mg/ml myokinase (MK); 30 U methionine tRNA synthetases (MetRS) and 0.2 mM [H] methionine with specific activity of at least 50 cpm/pmol.
Assay A: Only the natural amino acid was included in this charging assay at the indicated concentration (Table 3).
Identify tRNAfMet by charging assay described below.
Measure the amount of tRNA by the charging assay.
This enhanced polyubiquitination activity by Ube2W is likely the result of aberrant transfer of Ub to the Ube2W N-terminus or lysines, as is observed in the E2 charging assay (Supplementary Fig S4B, lane 2, band ‡), which can then function as the anchoring Ub for polyUb synthesis by Ube2N/Ube2V2.
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It remains unclear as to whether this difference reflects a difference in tRNA charging efficiency (the AARS competition assay showed they were both moderate competitors) or a difference in the interaction of the charged tRNAs with EF-Tu and/or the ribosome.
RNA was isolated from 500 μL of lactoserum with use of the magnetic particle-based ASPS method (Abbott), and HIV load was quantified using the HIV Charge Virale assay (Biocentric) on the MJ MiniOpticon quantitative PCR detection platform (Biorad), with a sensitivity of 375 copies per mL of lactoserum [ 16].
We next determined the kinetics of the UBE1 NEDD8 charging reaction, using PPi exchange assays [ 30].
The reported analyses further show that the separation strategy proposed here can allow the assay of charged species with a significantly greater resolving power than that possible using the capillary zone electrophoretic technique.
The MALDI-TOF MS assay that we used to identify unnatural amino acids that are AARS substrates [11] does not provide a quantitative measure of tRNA charging efficiency.
Your charging.
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