characterized under

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "characterized under" is not commonly used in written English and may not be the best choice.
It can be used when describing the specific characteristics or features of something within a certain category or classification, but "characterized by" is more standard. Example: "The species is characterized under the classification of endangered animals."

Science

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

59 human-written examples

Horizontal SiNWs have also been characterized under different applied voltages.

Nanoscale Research Letters

POWER cells have been characterized under standard test condition (STC).

World Renewable Energy Congress VI Renewables: The Energy for the 21st Century World Renewable Energy Congress VI 1–7 July 2000 Brighton, UK

The samples are also characterized under optically pumped laser operation.

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy

Mechanical behaviour was characterized under cyclic tensile loading.

Polymer

The SAJs were characterized under thermal and moisture environments.

Composite Structures

Operational energy efficiency versus video distortion performance is characterized under a summarization setting.

EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing

The stability of the enzyme activity was characterized under various conditions.

Botanical Studies

The resulting surfaces were examined and characterized under an optical and a scanning electron microscope.

Materials Letters

The electric output of the InGaAsSb TPV cells was characterized under various operating conditions.

Energy Conversion and Management

The biomaterial deposition technique was characterized under various driving potentials and chamber configurations.

Electrochimica Acta

Their performance is characterized under the assumption of both normally and uniformly distributed measurement uncertainty.

Measurement

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "characterized under", ensure the context clearly specifies the conditions or parameters under which the characterization is performed. For instance, "The material was "characterized under" high-temperature conditions to assess its thermal stability."

Common error

While "characterized under" specifies conditions, overuse can sound awkward. Prefer "characterized by" for inherent qualities or general descriptions. For example, instead of 'The alloy is "characterized under" its high strength', use 'The alloy is "characterized by" its high strength'.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "characterized under" functions as a verb phrase used to specify the conditions or circumstances in which something is being described or analyzed. It indicates that the characteristics are observed or defined within a particular context. Ludwig AI suggests considering "characterized by" as a more standard alternative.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

Science

98%

News & Media

1%

Formal & Business

1%

Less common in

Academia

0%

Encyclopedias

0%

Wiki

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

The phrase "characterized under" is used to describe the conditions under which something is analyzed or defined, and is most frequently found in scientific literature. While grammatically correct, Ludwig AI suggests that "characterized by" is often a more standard alternative. The phrase's formality makes it less common in general or informal writing. When employing "characterized under", clarity is key; ensure the context distinctly specifies the parameters affecting the characterization.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

defined by

Emphasizes the defining characteristics rather than the process of characterization, as Ludwig AI suggests.

described as

Presents a straightforward description, focusing on the qualities or features attributed to something.

analyzed under

Centers on breaking down and examining something using specific methodologies, maintaining a similar scientific connotation.

investigated under

Implies a systematic or formal inquiry to discover and examine the facts of an incident, allegation, etc. so as to establish the truth.

studied in the context of

Highlights a focused investigation within a particular setting or situation.

tested in conditions of

Focuses on empirical testing within specific circumstances, altering the approach to a more experimental one.

assessed in

Emphasizes evaluation within a certain framework, changing the focus to assessment rather than comprehensive description.

evaluated within

Similar to 'assessed in', but highlights a process of judging or determining the significance of something within given parameters.

observed during

Highlights direct observation during a particular event or period, shifting the emphasis to the act of observing.

identified within

Focuses on pinpointing something within a specific context, shifting from characterization to identification.

FAQs

How can I use "characterized under" in a sentence?

Use "characterized under" to specify the conditions or parameters during the characterization process. For example, 'The device was "characterized under" high-pressure conditions to determine its performance'.

What is a good alternative to "characterized under"?

Alternatives include "defined by" or "described as". Consider using these for general descriptions rather than specific conditional characterizations.

When should I use "characterized by" instead of "characterized under"?

Use "characterized by" when describing inherent qualities or typical features. Use "characterized under" to specify conditions or circumstances affecting the characterization. As suggested by Ludwig AI, "characterized by" is often the more standard choice.

Is "characterized under" grammatically correct?

Yes, "characterized under" is grammatically acceptable, particularly in technical contexts. However, it's less common than "characterized by", and careful consideration should be given to whether the 'under' phrasing is truly needed to convey specific conditions.