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At the end, it is important to emphasize that empathy is the topic of an ongoing interdisciplinary research project that has transcended the disciplinary and subdisciplinary boundaries, which have characterized empathy research so far.
Lipps (1903) characterized empathy as a process by which "the perception of an emotional gesture in another [object] directly activates the same emotion in the perceiver [subject], without any intervening labelling, associative or cognitive perspective-taking processes" (passage quoted from ref. [17], pp. 2; bracketed italics added by us).
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The majority of previous studies attempting to characterize empathy-related responses did not separate empathy towards humans from that towards animals.
Playfulness, intelligence, and empathy characterized her work, especially the books.
This overlap in self- and other-representation may breakdown in autism, which is characterized by decreased empathy [59] and theory of mind impairments [8].
Many characterized her emulation of empathy as elegiac and submissive.
While we do many horrific things, we also engage in wide-ranging behaviors characterized by compassion and empathy for others.
Psychopathic traits are characterized by lack of empathy, disregard for other people's feelings, impulsiveness, and antisocial behavior.
In addition, individuals with autism spectrum conditions have frequently been characterized as lacking in empathy (Gillberg, 1992; Shamay-Tsoory et al., 2002; Baron-Cohen and Wheelwright, 2004; McIntosh et al., 2006; Lombardo et al., 2007; Minio-Paluello et al., 2009).
To enter a wholly different realm, empathy characterizes certain sadists.
This process can elicit empathy which is characterized by an understanding of their emotional state and induction of corresponding states in the self that remain conceptually separate from personal distress [ 9, 10].
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com