The nanofibers were characterized through various characterization techniques such as FESEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, BET surface area analysis and XPS.
These electrochromic films have been characterized by other physicochemical characterization techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, SEM, XPS, XRD, etc.
The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by physico-chemical characterization techniques such as NMR, FTIR, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Zeta potential measurements.
These QDs were characterized by several well know characterization techniques such as UV vis spectroscopy (UV vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and ξ potential measurements.
The characterization techniques such as FTIR and XRD were performed.
Newly developed characterization techniques such as positron annihilation spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry, are introduced.
Nobel prize winning reactions and characterization techniques, such as Diels-Alder and modified Wittig reactions, as well as IR, NMR, and GCMS; Biodiesel synthesis and lipid characterization.
Simulations were validated through experimental flow characterization techniques such as flow visualizations and residence time distribution (RTD) tests.
Pores were observed using various characterization techniques such as digital optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and interferometer.
Structural properties of the materials reconnoitered by numerous characterization techniques such as FESEM, EDX, XRD, FT-IR and Raman.
Different characterization techniques such as SEM, EDAX, DSC, and surface energy measurement were used to systematically characterize the NAMCs.
