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The characteristics of the shell formation due to evaporation of the NPs suspensions and its effects on evaporation rate were also investigated.
The mechanical characteristics of the shell and of the helmet liner are determined by modal analysis and dynamic compression tests respectively.
The effects of GPL weight fraction, dispersion pattern, geometry, and size as well as the influence of initial stress on the buckling and free vibration characteristics of the shell are discussed in detail.
With these influence coefficients, a set of homogeneous flexibility equations governing the free vibration characteristics of the shell is obtained and solved for the frequencies and mode shapes for each Fourier component.
To effectively consider the effects of the strain dependences of storage modulus and loss factor of hard coating on the vibration characteristics of the shell, a modified domain decomposition method is employed to determine the equivalent strain of hard coating under the action of base excitation.
This observation is compatible with different stages of shell development requiring the secretion of discrete sets of structural proteins, which act to alter the physical and mineralogical characteristics of the shell.
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The dynamic characteristics of the shells with the internal resonance are discussed.
The results reveal that the nonlinear vibration characteristics of the shells are significantly influenced by the GRC material property gradient, the stacking sequence of the plies, the temperature variation, the shell geometric parameter and the shell end conditions.
Time histories of nondimensional radial velocity, mid-surface strain, 0th mode radial displacement and 1st mode radial velocity are presented in graphical form and the effects of elastic modulus, shell radius and thickness on the transient response characteristics of the shells are investigated.
For a given dimension of the square and centred opening under consideration, the force-displacement characteristic of the shell remains linear up to the first local buckling (LB), which occurs in the vicinity of a contour of the opening.
It is noted that the fluid inside the shell will have a dominating influence on the vibrational characteristics of the submerged shell.
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