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Genome-wide association scans have identified other genes that are altered to characteristic variants in psoriasis.
Characteristic sites and their characteristic variants (mutations) were selected based on four empirical criteria, whose rationale is detailed in [11], and summarized as follows: At a characteristic site, MI≥0.4 (found to be the MI threshold below which avian and human sequences converge to the same consensus amino acids).
We named these characteristic variants as evolutionary markers, as they seemed to contain valuable information regarding the viral evolution.
Exons 11b from α-dystrobrevins (encoding SBS1') and exons 13 from α-, β- and γ-dystrobrevins (encoding SBS1) each form their own conserved clades with their own characteristic variants of the SBS motif.
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The CN effectively reduces the strain energy due to the formation of martensites compared with the independent nucleation within a grain resulting in an increase in Ms. The characteristic variant selection of martensites can also be explained from the minimisation of strain energy.
The most characteristic variant of the left renal vein is the circumaortic renal vein (17%% of patients), so named because it embraces the ventral and dorsal aorta [23] (Fig. 15).
Residues forming the signatures were tagged as A2A-like (i.e. a characteristic variant of the A2A subset), H2H-like (an H2H characteristic variant), or as non-characteristic.
This strain has a characteristic variant of a SCCmec V element, in which two ccrC genes are present (SCCmec VT or 5C2&5, GenBank AB12129, [132]).
The variants that distinguish H2H sequences and A2A sequences at characteristic sites form a characteristic variant pattern, a summary of the significant differences between the two sets of sequences across the whole proteome.
At such characteristic sites, a residue that is highly conserved within the human group but rarely observed in the pool of avian strains (a characteristic variant) is likely to be associated with an important adaptive mutation, whose loss would affect the ability of viruses to propagate amongst human hosts.
The detection of characteristic variant bands indicated the presence of the mutation being studied.
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