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where is the characteristic function for an arbitrary set.
The quality characteristic function for yield rate is used in orthogonal particle swarm optimization.
for all and some, where is the characteristic function for a set.
In order to calculate the metric distribution, the characteristic function for is used.
The hourly series Q φ is a main characteristic function for definitive data obtained using the proposed algorithm.
We compute the characteristic function for all possible coalitions and apply the Shapley value to determine a fair distribution of the total cooperative cost among players.
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where, and is the characteristic function of ; for all, where is the space of absolutely integrable functions; If is large, then admits the following approximation: (26).
(Phi(mu)) and (Psi(mu)) are called characteristic functions for the operator (L q, alpha, beta)).
This work generalizes an earlier method by Merriman, Bence, and Osher which alternately diffuses and sharpens characteristic functions for each phase region to produce pure mean curvature flow.
By alternately diffusing and sharpening characteristic functions for each region, a variety of motions have been obtained which allow for topological mergings and breakings and produce no overlapping regions or vacuums.
This paper shows that an ingenious application of spherical coordinates according to the geometry of the non-uniform section enables us to determine analytically the system of characteristic functions for various profiles of the non-uniform portion.
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