The arousal dimension is mainly characterised by sympathetic arousal (arousal sensory cue features in the present study: felt shivers, heartbeat slowing down, heartbeat getting faster, breathing slowing down, breathing getting faster, perspired/moist hands, sweat, felt hot, abrupt bodily movements).
Autonomic dysfunction is characterised by increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic activity, and the SHR has been shown to be a good rodent model of human autonomic dysfunction [ 96].
Long-term changes in metabolism, such as during the metabolic syndrome [ 7], are characterised by increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity [ 8, 9] and increases in plasma (nor)epinephrine levels [ 10], suggesting overall central sympathetic over-activation [ 7].
Burnout is characterised by dysregulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system and the HPA axis, which was more pronounced in males than in females.
Moreover a substantial body of evidence from non-randomised smaller trials does suggest that renal denervation may have an important role in the management of hypertension and other disease states characterised by overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system.
This study assessed whether burnout is characterised by dysregulation of the sympathetic vagal balance and the HPA axis that may explain the association between burnout and CVD, taking into account gender differences in these mechanisms.
Autonomic storm is characterised by transient parasympathetic and prolonged sympathetic stimulation.
Developing NGF-dependent sympathetic neurons are a very well characterised model of neuronal apoptosis.
These semaphorins were originally characterised in the developing nervous system, dorsal root ganglion, peripheral and sympathetic nervous systems as chemorepellent molecules that acted to initiate axonal collapse in areas that they were found in high concentration, thus resulting in axonal guidance [ 29- 31].
But what we feel reading these pages is how strongly the definitions characterise one enormous and sympathetic mind, as well as a language.
