Sentence examples for char on the surface from inspiring English sources

This indicates that the char on the surface of the TNTs/GO-filled PVC composites is very stable and can act as a physical barrier to hinder the transmission of heat, thereby leading to greatly lowered THR, TSR, and AMLR.

This indicates that the char on the surface of the TNTs/GO-filled PVC composites is very stable and can act as a physical barrier to hinder the transmission of heat Table 3 Cone calorimetric data of pure PVC and its composites Sample pHRR (kW m−2) THR (MJ m−2) TSR (m2 m−2) AMLR (g s−1) Pure PVC 355.4 65.3 3936.8 20.4 TNTs-PVC 233.7 51.9 3670.9 14.6 TNTs/GO-PVC 282.4 46.3 3322.7 146.3

Incorporating 2.5% TNTs into PVC drops the pHRR value down to 233.7 kW m−2, and such a reduction by 34.2% is attributed to the fast charring on the surface of filled PVC under the catalytic action of TNTs.

The mechanism study indicated that the phosphazene-cyclomatrix moieties could effectively enhance the flame retardancy by acting in both condensed and gaseous phases to promote the formation of an intumescent phosphorus-rich carbonaceous char layer on the surface of material.

We found that the combination of RDP-coated starches with nanoclays could render the blends self-extinguishing since they are formed as a shell-like chars on the exposure surface against heat, which can prevent the melt polymers against dripping.

The formation of compact char materials was observed on the surface of the CNS residues.

In the combustion process, the part of the ash-forming compounds in biomass was vaporized and released to the gas phase while non-vaporized ash compounds that were left over in the char might melt and coalesce inside and on the surface of the char.

Through a sensitivity analysis of in-bed char loading to model input parameters, coal-related parameters were ranked in priority order as follows: char reactivity, the C/O2 molar ratio consumed on the surface of a burning char particle in the bed and secondary fragmentation.

Mind you, while the likes of Peking duck and char siu roast pork may, on the surface, appear pretty simple dishes, they are, he insists, "the hardest to perfect.

From Fig. 4a we can see that ZD char shows rough particle structure, and there are some holes and fragments on the surface of char particles.

The high adsorption of 2 nitrophenol on the surface of char indicates the compatibility of the size of its molecules and the pore size of this adsorbent (Xiaohong et al. 2011).