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The last four chapters of the letter, a sharp and vigorous defense of Paul's apostolic authority, differ markedly in tone from the earlier chapters, suggesting that chapters 10 13 may have been written earlier, before Paul had received Titus' message.
The first 10 chapters of the letter discuss pagan and Jewish religions, the life of a Christian as contrasted with the life of a non-Christian, and a review of the Christian faith as the unique revelation of God.
Following his exposition of God's saving actions in Christ in the first 11 chapters of the Letter to the Romans, Paul asserts, "I appeal to you therefore, brothers and sisters, by the mercies of God to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your reasonable service.
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Such a reference may be made in the fourth chapter of the Letter to the Ephesians (verses 8 10).
Those questioning Luke's authorship point to the fact that the theological emphases of his Gospel and the Acts differ considerably from those of Paul's writings and that the description of the Council of Jerusalem (Acts 15) is divergent from the description of the conference in the 2nd chapter of the Letter of Paul to the Galatians.
Then also, I mentioned that he sees himself, in his martyrdom, as getting closer to Jesus, and in this he's becoming himself he calls himself in the first part of this and the second chapter of the letter to the Romans, the logos theou.
The second reading for Pope Francis' installation is from fourth chapter of the Letter of St. Paul to the Romans and also apropos to the meaning of the day.
Yet, in all this arguing, no one seems to notice that the pivotal point comes not in chapter 1 of the letter -- what people argue about -- but afterwards, in chapter 2. Chapter 2 begins with utter clarity: people standing in judgment -- and people on both sides of the debate about same-sex marriage stand in brittle, bitter judgment -- have no right to take this stance toward others.
In Ephesians, the eleventh chapter of Ephesians, the letter not of Paul to the Ephesians but the letter of Ignatius to the Ephesians, he talks about his chains as pearls.
In the first chapter of this letter of Ignatius to the Romans, he talks about the chains of Jesus.
Its principal source in the New Testament was the description in the third chapter of the First Letter of Peter (verses 18 20) of Christ's preaching to the spirits in prison.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com