It have been shown to be more accurate and realistic that have many applications in real-world problems such as synchronization of chaotic systems [10 12], anomalous diffusion [13], disease models [14, 15], and ecological models [16].
The effect of chaotic packing defects on diffusion parameters can be also indirectly associated with the influence of dislocations, because chaotic packing defects can be represented as a set of two partial dislocations with a layer of packing defects between them.
The flux in oxygen tension experienced by cancer cells is an effect of several tumour characteristics such as chaotic vasculature, poor oxygen diffusion across an ever-expanding tumour, and irregular blood flow.
Recently, a number of chaos-based image encryption algorithms that use low-dimensional chaotic map and permutation-diffusion architecture have been proposed.
It combines random grids (RG), error diffusion (ED) and chaotic permutation.
In the confusion phase the position of the voxels are permuted by means of a discretized chaotic map, whereas in the diffusion phase the value of each voxel is changed.
These mixers utilize passive approaches, such as diffusion driven and chaotic advection, as well as active approaches, such as thermal, optical, magnetic, electrokinetic, hydrodynamic, and acoustic-based mixing.
It discusses in detail the three key mass transport effects often used in micromixers: molecular diffusion, Taylor dispersion, and chaotic advection.
Suitably designed laminar duct flows admit chaotic advection which, in concert with diffusion, can lead to rapid heat and mass transport and sharpening of the residence time distribution (RTD).
The intrinsic node dynamics (without diffusion) has a double-scrolling chaotic attractor [30], which is shown in Figure 1.
