No one has ever been able to figure out quite what that means, with the result that crippling, life-changing prosecutions can be brought whenever some transaction or practice seems fishy to at least one federal prosecutor.
How it's changing: The Crown Prosecution Service has issued new guidelines in an effort to reduce what it sees as the alarming number of cases coming before the courts.
The fact that American prosecutors tried the case is one sign of the changing views on international prosecution, several legal experts said.
That could be problematic for the prosecution, Professor Gillers said, because the defense lawyer could pin the witness to certain facts that would prevent the prosecution from later changing its theory of the case.
Fig. 7 Results of the sensitivity analysis showing which nodes have the most influence in changing the belief in the prosecution hypothesis of A1.
A16 NEW YORK/REGION B1-6 Digital Photos Changing Abuse Prosecution The New York City Police Department is starting to use digital photography to collect evidence in domestic abuse cases, a technique that could reshape the way these cases are prosecuted.
Complicating this is the prosecution's habit of changing the order of witnesses at short notice, he said.
In her dissenting opinion, Justice Ginsburg said that in its "expansive new reading" of the ex post facto clause, the majority misconstrued the Texas amendment as changing the amount of evidence the prosecution needed.
And while most of those interviewed said the trial had only reinforced Mr. Edwards's reputation, some said the prosecution had succeeded in changing his image from that of a harmless scamp to something more malevolent.
The CPS, badgered for decades by anti-FGM campaigners, ended up changing its policy and began to proactively seek prosecutions.
Mr Gauke told MPs that HMRC had consistently used civil penalties as the most "cost-effective way" of collecting revenue and "changing behaviour" but he expected the number of prosecutions to increase significantly.
