The mechanism to explain these changes relies on the assumption that chromosome doubling induces an increase in cell size the amount of genetic substance within the nuclei and the nuclear membrane decreases the chromatin is in contact with the nuclear membranes, thereby enhancing gene activity and photosynthetic rate on a per cell basis (Lavania and Lavania 2005; Levin 2002).
It has been interpreted that the speed and complexity of these morphological changes relied on a joined action of phenotypic plasticity and genetic change.
It must be emphasized though, that the inference of adaptive divergence from parallel regulatory changes relies on the use of comparable samples.
However, we recognized that the complexity of possible downstream changes relies on the non-linear dynamics of biochemical reactions possibly leading to non-proportional change in the concentration of the final component [ 66].
We have found that LCI correlates with upregulation of contractile receptors and inflammation in brain vessels and that these changes rely on enhanced transcription and translation of specific genes in the vascular smooth muscle cells of cerebral arteries [ 2].
This note is to underline that even in physiological conditions, the final response to redox changes relies on a delicate balance between pro-oxidant conditions needed to reinforce the signal and reducing conditions needed for the same signal (that is, the transcription factor) to be efficiently delivered in order to obtain the response.
However, if the relationship between photoperiod and temperature is altered by climate change, relying on photoperiod may become maladaptive (Bradley et al. 1999).
This conservation pattern suggests that the molecular mechanism of the conformational change relying on the interactions found in integrin αV β3 is unique to the limited types of integrins.
We provide evidence that this shape change relies on extrinsic signals subsequent to genetic specification.
This 'progressive' change relies on cheap energy as a resource towards ever greater global integration and economic efficiency.
Another argument, but one which remains the subject of debate, is that global efforts to mitigate climate change rely on forests and their increasingly important role as suppliers of biomass for securing a carbon-neutral energy supply in the future [6, 8].
