Structural studies of the Mad2 conformational change, pioneered by the laboratories of Yu and Musacchio, showed that the Mad1-bound form of Mad2 (Closed or N2), can induce a second Mad2 molecule, normally in the Open or N1 conformation in the cytoplasm, to acquire the active conformation (Closed or N2).
In the 1960s a major change was pioneered by Iowa Beef Processors, called "boxed beef".
Brian Hooks, director of the Global Prosperity Initiative at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, advocates the kind of legal reform and changes in property rights pioneered by Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto-reforms that will eventually enable the world's poor to join formal financial systems.
They also need to be paid to develop and conduct practice-based and community programs in sustainable lifestyle change such as those pioneered by Dr. Dean Ornish.
In future, Iran's subsidy reform may even be seen as a model for top-down social change, not unlike successful schemes pioneered by Mexico and Brazil.
The notions of "pre-emptive" war and "regime change" were exemplified, if not exactly pioneered, by Israel.
Aiding both types of entrepreneurs were big changes in financial instruments, many of them pioneered by Michael Milken.
The MetaFlux gap-filler suggests changes to the reaction network [an approach pioneered by (Kumar et al., 2007)], and to the nutrients and secretions, that will complete the model to make it feasible.
Banking on Change is based on the Village Savings and Loans Association model pioneered by CARE in Niger in 1991.
Values self-confrontation methods, which were pioneered by Rokeach [ 1], seek to change people's behaviors by changing the priority of the values that motivate the behaviors.
