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It has been suggested that extended culture associated with transfection and selection procedures may induce changes of somatic cells, which decrease the efficiency of nuclear transfer and that these changes cannot be reversed by recloning [ 36].
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The concept of kDNA integration-induced genetic change of somatic host cells holds promise for the understanding of Chagas disease pathogenesis.
After 60 days of incubation, morphological changes and induction of somatic embryos in the calli were recorded.
Taken together, these data indicate that aging of gonads generally shows a different pattern of gene expression changes than aging of somatic organs.
Formation of this stress-resistant alternative to the normal third larval stage (L3) involves several morphogenetic and metabolic changes and upregulation of somatic maintenance genes.
Major epigenetic changes during mitosis of somatic cells could be catastrophic for the organism, and we did not expect dramatic modifications.
A detailed study was performed in 14 patients with epithelial ovarian tumours using the satellite probes 33.15, 228S and 216S to investigate the nature of somatic changes and frequency with which clonal changes could be demonstrated during metastasis and progression.
In spite of minimal changes in the number of somatic symptoms between both study visits, we observed some changes in the patients' degree of discomfort according to the SSI scores.
At the subcellular and molecular level, ageing heralds changes in the balance between DNA damage and repair, changes in the frequency of somatic mutations, as well as deterioration in the functional integrity of mitochondria and its own DNA [ 1].
In his introductory chapter of the Mutation Research special issue on 'Genetic Instability and Aging', the late Bernard Strehler provided some historical perspectives on the long-standing hypothesis that aging is primarily caused by changes in the genome of somatic cells (Strehler, 1995, Mutat. Res. 338 (1995) 3).
The progress of the humoral immune response relies on the reshaping of the antibody repertoire upon infection by the introduction of somatic changes into the DNA of Ig genes.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com