Used and loved by millions

Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak quote

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak

CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com

MitStanfordHarvardAustralian Nationa UniversityNanyangOxford

changes of below

Grammar usage guide and real-world examples

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "changes of below" is not correct in standard written English.
It seems to be an attempt to refer to changes mentioned later in the text, but it lacks clarity and proper structure. Example: "Please review the changes of below before finalizing the document."

⚠ May contain grammatical issues

Science

News & Media

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

1 human-written examples

In accordance with data published by Osoba et al. [ 21], mean HRQOL changes of below 5 points were defined as clinically not significant.

Science

BMC Cancer

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

59 human-written examples

It is quantified in this study to what extend total ozone is controlling long-term changes of solar irradiance below 315 nm at ground level.

We considered two termination criteria: the maximum number of iterations and reaching the changes of object function below a predefined threshold.

Due to the fact, that only low mass transfer occur for both experiments, the minerals being educts and products of fluid solid reactions were not determined (resulting changes of solids were below the detection limit of XRD (<5 mass%) and SEM EDX (very thin alteration products).

Changes of protein expression below 20% were not regarded as significant.

As stated, for the interpretation of carrying capacity changes, below, we used the changes indicated by (Midgley et al. 2005).

Based on earlier meta-analysis (Hendry and Kinnison 1999; Kinnison and Hendry 2001; Hendry et al. 2008), these authors conclude that most rates of change are below 0.1.

Our approach allows to measure absorption/loss changes of 0.02% – well below the typical detection limit (<1%) of conventional spectrometers.

Clinical studies in patients have identified similar changes of the subchondral bone below a cartilage lesion (Niemeyer et al. 2015; Bert 2015; Gomoll et al. 2010).

All parameters measured from mycelial pellets grown in BM at 30°C and initial pH 5 were considered as a reference, because it was possible to detect significant changes of them above or below to these determined under the reference conditions.

Changes of outcomes A F (see below) over time, from baseline up to 26 weeks post baseline assessment.

Science

BMJ Open
Show more...

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When referring to subsequent information, use precise language like "changes listed below" or "details outlined below" for clarity.

Common error

Don't use vague constructions like "changes of below". Instead, clearly state that the changes are "described", "listed", or "detailed" below to ensure readers understand the reference.

Antonio Rotolo, PhD - Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Antonio Rotolo, PhD

Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Source & Trust

81%

Authority and reliability

2.8/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Linguistic Context

The phrase "changes of below" attempts to function as a prepositional phrase indicating that certain changes will be discussed subsequently. However, Ludwig AI flags it as incorrect. A more appropriate phrasing would be using a participle adjective to describe changes: 'changes listed below'.

Expression frequency: Rare

Frequent in

Science

50%

News & Media

50%

Formal & Business

0%

Less common in

Wiki

0%

Academia

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

The phrase "changes of below" is grammatically incorrect and is rarely used in standard English. Ludwig AI confirms this assessment. More appropriate alternatives, such as "changes listed below" or "changes detailed below", should be used to clearly indicate that changes are described or listed later in the text. Using precise language ensures clarity and avoids ambiguity. This guidance is based on the analysis of a limited number of examples.

FAQs

What are some alternatives to the phrase "changes of below"?

Instead of "changes of below", consider using clearer alternatives like "changes listed below", "changes detailed below", or "changes mentioned below".

Is it grammatically correct to say "changes of below"?

No, the phrase "changes of below" is not grammatically correct in standard English. It's better to use phrases that clearly indicate the changes are described or listed later in the text.

How can I clearly indicate that changes are described later in a document?

To clearly indicate that changes are described later in a document, use phrases such as "changes described below", "changes outlined below", or "changes specified later".

What is the difference between "changes listed below" and "changes of below"?

"Changes listed below" clearly indicates that a list of changes will follow. The phrase "changes of below" is grammatically incorrect and does not provide a clear meaning. It's advisable to always use the former.

ChatGPT power + Grammarly precisionChatGPT power + Grammarly precision
ChatGPT + Grammarly

Editing plus AI, all in one place.

Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.

Source & Trust

81%

Authority and reliability

2.8/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Most frequent sentences: