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The amino acid changes in virus proteins are also associated with the disease symptoms.
The residual replication of HIV-1 in patients on cART could allow genetic evolution of the virus quasispecies, and changes in virus coreceptor use.
In contrast the more variable escapable epitopes dominate to the extent that HLA type imprints changes in virus sequence in the patient populations [60], [61].
Moreover changes observed in virulence during horizontal and vertical transmission experiments with Barley stripe mosaic virus were not due to changes in virus accumulation [12].
One may also be able to trace changes over time and correlate this to changes in virus sequence, viral populations, and the populations of host bacteria.
This is done in Figure 2, which presents the predicted changes in virus susceptibilities to the eight inhibitors due to single point mutations in the wild type RT sequence.
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Scientists use the theory of evolution as a framework to address a multitude of real-world dilemmas, such as developing strategies to combat resistant insect populations that are destroying crops (Lenormand et al. 1999), and tracking genetic changes in viruses like the common cold, swine flu, and HIV with the goal of developing vaccines (Zimmer 2001).
We found that ATIII induced significantly more comprehensive transcriptional changes in virus-infected cells than in uninfected cells.
Longitudinal studies that assess changes in virus-specific immunity and that test for residual virus will help to elucidate the cause and effect relationship of neuroinvation and TemRA cells.
In addition, we measured the frequency of virus-specific CD8 T cells to assess whether the transient increase in CTA-specific T cells was mediated by a general immune modulatory effect, but no changes in virus-specific T-cell frequencies were detected over the course of treatment.
This ability could also be reflected in accompanying changes in viruses isolated from case-patients.
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