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Diurnal changes in population evacuation demand are reflected in the calculated P/EC ratio values (population/exit capacity, described above).
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Large daytime increases in population evacuation demand combined with high P/EC ratios may favour an evacuation at night in some areas (such as the CBD) to avoid severe congestion (although this needs to be counterbalanced by the limited visibility and other constraints of evacuation by night).
To explore the relationship between evacuation time and shelter area, different scenarios that consider current evacuation population and changes in evacuation population size were considered.
In order to select suitable shelters to provide refuges for people in disasters, it is vital to take into consideration any changes in evacuation population size.
In this study, the relationships between evacuation population, evacuation time, and shelter area are examined by using scenario analysis and taking Jinzhan Town in Beijing as a case study.
To calculate population evacuation demand, we assumed that all evacuees in the danger areas would evacuate, and that there is no shadow evacuation outside of those areas.
The numeric results of the population evacuation demand model outputs are presented in Table 1.
Daytime eruptions near Auckland Airport and in business districts, particularly the CBD, will generate high population evacuation demand.
Change in populations through time 8.9% e.
Larger evacuation radii were found to substantially increase the average and maximum population evacuation demands and diminish the initial spike in evacuation demands present for smaller radii.
In addition to total number of evacuees, the low-mobility population evacuation demand is also of concern for public authorities, particularly as they may rely on public transportation.
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