Sentence examples for changes have been fixed from inspiring English sources
Similarly, the Victoria lineage exhibited a greater d N / d S (ratio = 1.37) on internal vs external branches of the HA phylogeny compared to the Yamagata lineage (ratio = 0.98), indicating that amino acid changes have been fixed more frequently in Victoria than Yamagata lineage viruses (Table 1).
To further inspect whether these changes have been fixed by evolution or were potentially recent events, we analyzed these 113 loci in additional strains: the JR cl4 and Esmeraldo cl3 strains, taking advantage of preliminary assemblies available at the TriTrypDB resource [ 39].
In the Fukaura case, the color-pattern changes had been fixed genetically, because the modified individuals were observed in summer without cold shock.
These two changes could have been fixed in a short period of time during the fermentation process.
Approximately 20% amino acid changes between chicken and zebra finch have been fixed by positive selection [ 8], so by comparing coding sequences (CDS) between these birds, chicken genes with signals suggestive of adaptation can be identified.
