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The change of J SC of these solar cells is shown in Fig. 4b, and the variation tendency is like the trend of PCE.
In order to further study the mechanism of the change of J sc, the EQE of the hybrid solar cells was measured and shown in Fig. 3a.
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Note that the value of B is used to avoid the chattering, or rapid and unhelpful changes, of J and D during the sign changes of ∆ω and dω/dt, and is set to 0.3 rad/s in this paper.
Consequently, the change of L j -L m is not significant compared with the change of L j and L m.
where e ij = (∂q i/∂p j)(p j/q i) is a price elasticity of the i th commodity with respect to a price change of the j th commodity, and ηi = (∂q i/∂m)(m /q i) is an income elasticity showing the effect of the i th quantity in response to a change in per capita income.
The EQE spectra of the two SiNW/PEDOT PSS hybrid solar cells were measured to investigate the change of the J sc (shown in Fig. 7b).
Furthermore, by virtue of its enhanced mechanical properties, a high adiabatic temperature change up to 6.6 K (under 550 MPa), a large stress-induced entropy change of 20.0 J kg−1 K−1 (under 300 MPa) and a high coefficient of performance of 18 were successfully achieved in the boron-doped (Ni51.5Mn33In15.5 99.7B0.3 alloy showing a working temperature just around room temperature.
The pure MnB sample shows an orthorhombic structure with a spontaneous magnetization (Ms) of 156 andkg−1 and a sharp magnetic transition (TC) of 567 K that yields a large magnetic entropy change of 7.5 J kg−1K−1 in a 2T field change at this temperature.
Proof Since we are concerned with positive solutions of (1.1), we make the change of variables x j ( t ) = e u j ( t ) ( j = 1, 2 ), y ( t ) = e u 3 ( t ).
where S j is the sensitivity of grid element j of size Δ j, f i (m) is the forward solution of model m, m j is the resistivity change of grid element j, σ i is the standard deviation of the data, and N is the number of elements = number of observation sites × number of frequencies × data types.
Change in total work done did not differ significantly between those naïve to NIV and those using nocturnal NIV with a mean change of 3263 (6028)J vs 4262 (3956)J respectively (p = 0.7).
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