This heterogeneity presents challenges in trial design and selection of end points.
Many challenges in trial design and execution are evident from the studies reviewed.
Failures in trials may be based on lack of efficacy, excessive side effects, or challenges in trial execution.
There are still methodological challenges in acupuncture trials; in this trial, neither the patient or the GP will be blinded, and the consultation time will be longer in the intervention group.
The lack of clinical trials in children is partly due to specific challenges in conducting trials in this patient population.
We present the trial protocol of the GERAC-gonarthrosis study with regard to the specific challenges in acupuncture trials.
Discussion focuses on approaches to addressing these challenges in clinical trials in female sexual dysfunction.
Therefore, immunogenicity assessments to such therapeutics pose unique challenges in clinical trials especially when significant drug interference is encountered.
Challenges in preclinical trials include identifying appropriate animal models, clinically relevant efficacy end points, and methods to monitor cardiovascular safety.
There are challenges in conducting trials of psychosocial interventions in dementia long-term care settings [ 64].
