Pyongyang viewed the operation as "a flagrant challenge to the Panmunjom Declaration and an intentional military provocation running counter to the positive political development on the Korean Peninsula," North Korea's state-run Central News Agency reported.
KCNA said the manoeuvres represented a "flagrant challenge" to the joint declaration by Kim and Moon at a summit at the "truce village" of Panmunjom on the dividing line between their countries in April.
On Tuesday, North Korea's official Korean Central News Agency denounced the exercises, which began Friday, as a "deliberate military provocation" designed to disrupt the "favorably developing situation on the Korean peninsula". The air force exercises were an "undisguised challenge" to the joint declaration that Kim and Moon signed, the statement said.
The unexpected ruling this month by the permanent court of arbitration in The Hague that it can hear the case is a challenge to the UK's unilateral declaration in 2009 of a marine protected area around the Chagos Islands.
But the rare coalition of Democrats and Republicans could bolster legal challenges to the emergency declaration that could tie up wall funding indefinitely.
For the Jets' defenders, Mawae's blindside hit on Thomas was a declaration of war and a challenge to the defense's spine.
While the retirements marked at least a symbolic end to the military's dominant role in Egyptian politics, Mr. Morsi's abolishment of the constitutional declaration posed a more fundamental challenge to the military.
Second, on the administrative procedure required in order to achieve so-called "settled status", we take note of the progress made in the last weeks, but can only reiterate that this must be an automatic, cost-free process in the form of a simple declaration, placing the burden of proof on the UK authorities to challenge the declaration.
There would be little challenge to a declaration of urgency and dire need in the field of global mental health: the burden of disease is high, and existing resources are both scarce and deficient.
But the gatherings mark a clear challenge to his declarations.
But Clark H. Alsop, an attorney for Valley VOTE, said a legal challenge to such a declaration might succeed.
