Sentence examples for challenge cells were from inspiring English sources

Following virus challenge, cells were collected by trypsinization and the pellet was used for RNA extraction.

After the viral challenge, cells were washed with PBS and cultured with fresh medium containing 2% FBS (up to 24 h).

Two hours after this challenge, cells were washed out of the air pouch using 2 ml PBS containing 2% (v/v) FCS.

For inflammatory challenge, cells were treated with 40 pg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 6 hours, after which conditioned media were analyzed for inflammatory cytokine production (that is, TNFα and IL-6) by ELISA (BD Bioscience, San Diego, CA, USA).

The media from flagellin or live bacteria challenged cells were subjected to the immunodetection of LL-37and hBD2 (Fig. 5B & E).

Signaling proteins demonstrating differences between control and challenged cells were further tested with Western blots using 15 µl of cell lysates, 1∶1000-diluted primary antibodies, and 1∶10000-diluted secondary antibody (goat anti-rabbit).

Cell cycle distributions in mock-treated or mutagen challenged cells were measured in populations with normal (CRY2+) and reduced CRY2 levels (CRY2-).

In general, the chromate-perturbed F1 proteome was markedly different depending on whether challenged cells were cultivated in LB broth or minimal medium with lactate as the single carbon substrate.

Robust activation of the apoptotic factor within the challenged cells was evidenced by a significant increase of Caspase 3 activity upon viral infection compared to non-challenged cells.

The expression of bta-miR-21-3p, miR-365-3p, miR-423-5pp, miR-486-5p and min-486 in challenged cells was further confirmed by qPCR.

Moreover, the enhancement of the TNF-α response in LPS challenged cells was not proportional to the mild stimulatory effects in unchallenged PBMCs.