Perturbation of the components of dynein or dynactin complexes, such as dynein cytoplasmic 1, heavy chain 1 DYNC1H1), dynein light-chain roadblock-type 2 (DYNLRB2) or dynactin subunit (DCTN4 -4, may induce unfaithful kinetochore microtubule attachment and subsequent SAC activation, leading to mitotic arrest and even mitotic catastrophe.
The dynein motor protein complex is build of dynein heavy chains, intermediate chains, light-intermediate chains, and the light chain 8, the Roadblock, and the TcTex light chains.
Especially, they have five to eight additional light chains of the Roadblock family.
Especially the roadblock light chain repertoire is very species-specific.
For example, if all members of the Roadblock light chain family are also members of the cytoplasmic dynein complex the Drosophila species could build up to nine different cytoplasmic dynein complexes just by exchanging light chains of the Roadblock family.
These different Roadblock light chains might bind different cargoes and by tissue specific or developmentally regulated expression of these Roadblock genes the Drosophila species might be able to fine tune their dynein mediated transport processes.
Upon translocation along the RNA chain, Rho can displace physical roadblocks, such as those formed by RNA DNA helices, a feature that is likely central to the transcription termination mechanism.
The sets of dynein light chains are very divergent in all analysed arthropods, although one of each of the LC8, Roadblock, and TcTex light chains is common to all species.
Cytoplasmic dynein forms a huge multisubunit protein complex (∼1.5 MDa) composed of two identical heavy chains, two 74-kDa intermediate chains (IC74), four light intermediate chains (LICs), and up to three light chain dimers (LC8, TcTex-1, and Roadblock) [2], [3].
Of the light chains, the arthropods share one of each of the different types, the LC8, the Roadblock, and the TcTex light chains.
