An additional factor contributing to irreproducibility is a reductionist mindset that prioritizes certainty in research outcomes over the ambiguity intrinsic to biological systems that is often reflected in "unknown unknowns".
In medical research, certainty is very hard to come by.
Type 2: 'benefit and scientific certainty of nanotechnology research' (n = 22, 15%).
Newspaper coverage can be differentiated into three cluster types: 'benefit of nanotechnology application' (n = 104, 72%), 'benefit and scientific certainty of nanotechnology research' (n = 22, 15%), and 'political discourse about scientific uncertainty and risks' (n = 18, 13%).
This paper will present a section of findings relating to ambivalence and certainty from a research project that seeks to explore how gay men manage the place of extra- relational sex in their committed relationships.
However, we won't know the effects of the rain now falling on California's wildfire scars with certainty until formal research is conducted, Mount and Diffenbaugh said. .
However, we cannot say this with certainty without further research.
For children with signs of SIC the evidence suggests harm but there is less certainty and further research is warranted.
Research planners need to be able to identify and address key response questions under conditions of much less certainty than in other research efforts.
Answering with any certainty will require additional research, but the authors of the new study point to two contributing factors.
