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It means swift and certain punishments for criminals, but not necessarily harsh ones.
In May 1996, Kennedy, Piehl and Braga helped to design the first of what came to be known as "call-in" sessions, intended to put gangs on notice that they would face swift and certain punishments.
While section 12 of the 2000 Act allows judges to impose certain punishments, such as compensation and costs orders, it does not explicitly refer to confiscation orders and the court of appeal in Clarke concluded that reflected the intention of parliament to exclude them.
Yes, proportionality should rule out certain punishments on the ground that they are disproportionately large.
But what school leaders should do is look at why they hand out certain punishments, what message those punishments are sending to students and, more importantly, whether they really make a difference.
The possibility of anchoring certain punishments within these broad bands of acceptable cardinal values, and then using ordinal proportionality to fill in the spaces between these anchor points, arguably provides for an acceptable and complete scale of proportional punishment (see Kleinig 1973: 123 124).
Similar(49)
Yet the swift and certain punishment that supporters of the commissions expected has not materialized.
And it will be, with vigilance, aggressive investigation and certain punishment.
"He was a big, big believer when he came here in swift and certain punishment," Judge Diamond recalled.
The feelings they do recognize with excruciating clarity are the fear and shame of discovery and certain punishment.
Despite the rewards offered by the Americans, anyone who turned in Qaeda leaders would be inviting certain punishment locally.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com