Also, at least in certain circumstances, affirmative action and similar programs have transformed ethnic identity into a potential asset.
Ryle is here, as elsewhere, insisting on the idea that the primary role of certain (significant, affirmative) indicative sentences, even if they can be construed as having truth-values and as fact-stating, is often different.
Certain kinds of "affirmative action" are not going change much anytime soon.
Overcoming those limits is the argument for a certain type of affirmative action -- not quotas or preferences, but an active effort to select from the full range of possible candidates, not merely the first evoked set.
For the first group, the support of a wide range of civil rights movements was a natural extension of the Jewish experience, even when such support seemed to conflict with their own immediate interests, as happened with certain aspects of affirmative action.
If they knocked out our ability to use affirmative action, certain Asian groups would benefit far more than others".
I concluded my column this weekend on Elizabeth Warren's supposed Indian ancestry by noting that America's emerging post-white future, in which "almost everyone will be 1/8 something-or-other," will make certain forms of contemporary affirmative action and diversity promotion look increasingly ridiculous.
Carter, Kennedy writes, "maintains that, at least with respect to certain topics, most notably affirmative action, a prevailing orthodoxy exerts undue pressure, stigmatizing dissident positions to such an extent that people holding heterodox ideas either silence themselves or speak out knowing that they will pay a frightful price with their reputations".
What is troubling about her article, though, is that she states that we need to maintain affirmative action for certain other ethnic and racial groups.
And that number was larger in certain ideologically charged areas, like abortion, affirmative action, environmental protection and whether states have sovereign immunity from federal lawsuits.
