Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigSuggestions(1)
Exact(5)
These arise as a result of diminished cell contribution from the ventral sclerotome and thereby diminished centrum height (Fig. 9a-b).
They are also deeply keeled, with the ridge on the underside representing about 50% of the total centrum height.
In Lessemsaurus, Antetonitrus, and more derived sauropodomorphs, the neural arches are higher than the centrum height.
Centrum height and width, neural spine and haemal spine height, and transverse process length decrease posteriorly, whereas centrum length increases posteriorly.
The neural arches of dorsal vertebrae are relatively anteroposteriorly long and dorsoventrally low (see Table S1 for measurements), with their height ranging between 70% and 90% of the centrum height, as in non-sauropod sauropodomorphs.
Similar(55)
Beyond this point the centra become progressively longer, resulting in a centrum length/centrum height (CL/CH) ratio curve with a pronounced dip at its center (Figure 7B – Squalus).
The pedicles of each vertebral arch are high relative to the corresponding centrum, roughly equaling the height of the centrum at the posterior end.
The neural spines of the twelve back vertebrae became increasingly longer from front to back, the last one being 8.5 times the height of the centrum part.
Specifically, Russell claimed that the ratio of the length of the centrum (body of vertebra) to the height of the posterior articular facet was 1.1 in S. aegyptiacus and 1.5 in S. maroccanus.
Ankylosaurid vertebrae each have an approximately circular centrum in anterior view, with width exceeding height slightly in ROM 784.
The measurements of vertebral centrum size used herein are condyle (or rear end) height (CH) and centrum length (CL), respectively.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com