The current trend goes towards the de-centralization of such platforms, and in particular to peer-to-peer architectures.
Problems arose with these entities, due not to the underlying concept of such centralization, but to the specific realities of who exactly is on each board, what training they have had, and how "reasonable" they were.
The effects of such planned centralization strategies are the object of studies on health systems mainly in Europe and Japan [ 26– 36].
If there was little enthusiasm in Europe for such centralization of power, there was even less for the obvious alternative: abandon the euro.
Such centralization of related brain functions is an economical design that avoids the repetition of similar circuit motifs.
Yet as a result, local IRBs may resist efforts at centralization, potentially impeding the spread, efficiencies, and acceptance of such efforts.
They were particularly concerned to address worries of undue centralization, arguing that such worries should be addressed not by constraining the extent of power in the relevant fields, such as defense, but instead by the composition of the central authority (Federalist 31).
Brenke et al. (2011) and the OECD (2010) point out the importance of such schemes in fitting into the institutional framework and with other labor market policies (for example, centralization of wage bargaining).
To make matters worse, the centralization of the papacy was opposed by movements such as Gallicanism (in France), Febronianism (in Germany), and Josephism (in Austria and Italy), each of which championed national ecclesiastical autonomy from Rome.
Centralization of health care provisions for some specializations such as obstetrics and pediatrics has just begun in order to reduce the workload in Japan [ 29].
