At the end is a mirror that reflects the beams back down the tunnel to a central detector, where they are recombined so that their wavelengths are kept in step.
In one approach stand-alone muons are reconstructed in the muon system and matched to a track in the central detector.
New scintillation counters have been designed and constructed for the upgradation of the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron in order to complete the muon coverage of the central detector and to extend it to a larger pseudorapidity interval.
The design incorporates a traditional central detector with a moderator/filter arrangement and a number of outer PIN type photodiodes sensitised to thermal neutrons by the application of a lithium fluoride converter.
It is the central detector subsystem of the LAT and serves both to convert an incident gamma-ray into an electron positron pair and to track the pair in order to measure the gamma-ray direction.
The upgrade of the COMPASS RICH-1 detector requires a new technique for Cherenkov photon detection at count rates of several 106 per channel in the central detector region, and a read-out system allowing for trigger rates of up to 100 kHz.
In this paper we outline the concepts of CBM's central detector, the Silicon Tracking System, and of the First-Level Event Selector, a dedicated computing farm to reduce on-line the raw data volume by up to three orders of magnitude to a recordable rate.
Mass selective instability scan was performed by increasing the rf amplitude while recording the ion signals using the central detector.
