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They suggest that all signals reach central brain structures, which are, according to current circumstances, weighted to take account of particular properties.
We hypothesized that central brain structures involved in nausea and emesis, in particular, the NTS, is activated in migraine patients who experience nausea in the absence of pain in the premonitory phase.
These studies found that conspicuousness of different visual objects modulates the oscillatory activity recorded from central brain structures in the 20 30 Hz range.
In the majority of systems, including cockroaches [29], large flies [9] horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus [2], and vertebrates [30], the circadian pacemakers governing circadian rhythms in the visual system have their origin in central brain structures.
By using the inserted elements as Gal4 complements to either rescue dunce defects or silence synaptic activity, we found that central brain structures, namely the mushroom bodies, may be key to modulating visual attention phenotypes in Drosophila.
Thus, long day lengths that dissociate the SCN network markedly reduce the amplitude of core clock gene rhythms in four distinct central brain structures.
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CGRP did not induce pontine or thalamic metabolic changes, indicating that it does not modify the neuronal excitability in these central deep brain structures, but rather exerts its effects on the peripheral nervous system and/or the trigeminal ganglion.
In one subchronic exposure study (Mattsson et al. 1998), a significant increase in amplitude and latency was observed in one peak of the visual-evoked potential responses from a flash stimulus at 5,424 mg/m, but histopathological lesions were not observed in the examination of central and peripheral brain structures (e.g., visual cortex, optic nerve) of the visual system.
For instance, inhibiting neurons forming the ellipsoid body, a neuropil structure in the fly central brain, shifts the temporal structure of Drosophila walking behavior from non-Gaussian to Gaussian [41].
At the central nervous level, the brain structures involved in anxiety in animals, such as the hippocampus and amygdala, have been implicated in both memory processes and anxiety.
While little is known about the concomitant response of the central nervous system and related brain structures, it may be relevant that mental simulation of actions in perfectly still persons has been reported to activate central motor structures, including the lateral cerebellum, basal ganglia, premotor cortex and posterior parietal cortex [17] [19].
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