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A similar assumption was made for the census tracts within each census division.
A census division, "Place," consists of consolidated cities and incorporated places, such as town or village.
There may have been an NENF population located on the border of one census division and a primary care physician located at the border of the adjacent census division, but this would not have been captured in our results.
We joined the two datasets using the census division variable, and subsequently calculated a ratio of primary care physicians to number of NENF individuals for each of the top five non-official languages in each census division.
We retained neither temperature in room nor heating source in the rANOVA models, likely due to their strong correlation with census division (chi-square test of independence for census division and heating source, p< 0.0001).
A location quotient of one indicates lack of under or over concentration of utilization in the census division.
Similar(22)
The justification for this latter control, it will be recalled, is again one of spatial heterogeneity: employment rates for low-wage groups vary by Census division, and states within Census divisions serve as better controls for states raising their minimum wages than states in other Census divisions.
It is also clear that geographic diversification across census divisions was an inadequate and perhaps misleading approach to understanding the underlying sources of variability in home price fluctuations.
They write: [I]ntergenerational mobility is fairly stable over time in each of the nine census divisions of the U.S., even though they have very different levels of mobility.
Professionals worked in all four census regions (39.8% South, 35.0% West, 14.5% Midwest, 10.8% Northeast) and census divisions.
The number of significant appliances is affected by appliance ownership and use, which is more variable between homes than between census divisions.
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