His model is the usual one: he finds an inventor or a good piece of intellectual property, adds some money and an experienced manager and waits for it to flourish or fail.Bud Klepper, for instance, had been working for years on a process to make cellulosic ethanol without anybody paying much attention.
"The idea of processing cellulosic biomass without pretreatment is an important idea," says Lee Lynd, a cellulosic ethanol expert at Dartmouth College who was not associated with the work.
I am confident that cellulosic biofuels, without significant land use impact or biodiversity impact, can achieve costs of $1.25 per gallon in less than three years and below $1.00 per gallon in five to 10 years.
As it now stands, although the amount of lactic acid produced from the treated PS by the SSF at 40 °C was low and the bioconversion has a problem relating to oxygen supply, the SSF might be one of promising methods for the utilization of PS as an unused cellulosic waste without CO2 emission, pushing ahead with the research as quickly as possible.
Pinto et al. (2004) have also suggested that non-hydrolytic disruptive proteins could increase the accessibility of cellulosic substrates without affecting the crystallinity.
Model results showed that at this rate the net C balance was 0.024 kg/m2 for a cellulosic ethanol system without considering land use over a 40 year time horizon.
Lynd [31] proposed the concept of CBP for cellulosic ethanol production without adding external cellulases.
SSCF of 5% FR plus 2.5% corn kernels produced higher ethanol yields than did SSF using either 5% FR or 2.5% corn kernels (without cellulosic enzymes) as substrate, indicating that the starch ethanol and cellulosic ethanol each promoted the production.
And without the cellulosic ethanol, the national goal for ethanol production to reduce oil imports will be impossible to reach, experts say.
The results demonstrated that a 0.09 0.18% charge of catalyst in an oxygen stage provided a 52.2 116.0% increase of carboxylic acid groups in the cellulosic component of kraft pulps without a significant decrease in fiber viscosity.
