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Fig. 8 A snapshot of 4 idle cellular users and 8 D2D pairs.
Moreover, the second subproblem determines the best pairing between D2D and cellular users and finally maximizes the overall network throughput.
Fig. 5 The relationship between the total rate loss of cellular users and the number of D2D pairs.
The conflict is most pronounced for femtocells near the cell edge, when there are many cellular users and fewer femtocells.
In addition, the power allocation should follow the maximum and minimum power constraint of cellular users and D2D users.
One winner benefiting from this trend is SK Telecom, which now counts 17 million cellular users and a 53% market share in South Korea.
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I Ck and I Bk represent the interference from the cellular user and the BS in cell k, respectively.
At the same time, the BS sends the message to the cellular user and causes interference to both UE1 and UE2.
This is due to the cumulative interference caused by D2D communication to the BS, which makes the communication quality between cellular user and BS decrease.
where P n and P m indicate the transmission power of the cellular user and D2D user, separately, and σ 2 denotes the variance of the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN).
Consider an isolated cell scenario as shown in Fig. 1 where one base station, one cellular user and a pair of D2D users are present (i.e., UEC, UED1 and UED2).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com