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This pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) interacts with different cellular pattern recognition receptors (PRR), including the Toll like receptor 3 (the3), the cytosolic protein kinase RNA-activated (PKR) and the melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5)15,16.
The cellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) necessary for the response to HSV vary based on cell type and tissue localization.
This interaction involves binding of conidial surface polysaccharides by cellular pattern recognition receptors, activating a strong cytokine response [12], [35].
The first line of a host's response to various pathogens is triggered by their engagement of cellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs).
Transcriptional activation of IFNs-α/β is rapidly initiated in response to detection of viral-derived factors by cellular pattern recognition receptors [1].
► Oxidation-specific epitopes are recognized by soluble and cellular pattern recognition receptors.
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TLRs are part of the recently discovered cellular pattern-recognition receptors (PPRs) involved in first-line defense of the innate immune system against microbial infections.
As DNA and rRNA from a wide variety of bacterial species have been identified in the joints of RA patients [ 9, 14, 15], it has been suggested that joint inflammation could be triggered by PAMPs common to various microorganisms interacting with cellular pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs).
This receptor has multiple functions that include platelet adhesion, non-opsonic phagocytic clearance of senescent or pathologically altered cellular structures by pattern recognition [38] and regulation of different metabolic pathways, membrane transport systems and immune responses in humans [39], [40].
These pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are identified by cellular proteins with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) [ 1, 2].
Oxidation-specific epitopes are important targets of both cellular and soluble pattern recognition receptors, including toll-like and scavenger receptors, C-reactive protein, complement factor H, and innate natural IgM antibodies.
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