Sentence examples for cellular indicator from inspiring English sources

Micronucleus formation, a measure of unrepaired DNA damage, was monitored in all experiments as a cellular indicator of bystander effects.

Since phosphorylation of the histone H2AX (termed γ-H2AX) is a sensitive cellular indicator for the presence of DNA-DSBs [44,45], the effect of lipoproteins on H2AX phosphorylation via ATM was studied.

The 3T3-L1 cells were treated with various concentrations of CG (0, 10, or 100 μg/ml) during differentiation, and, on day 4 or 6, the level of expression and phosphorylation of Akt and its substrate, GSK3β, a well-established cellular indicator of Akt activation, were examined.

Current concepts of transgene design are also considered together with an overview of new genetically-encoded tools including both cellular indicators such as fluorescent activity reporters, and cellular regulators such as dominant negative signalling factors.

The consideration of independence between the variables in F is disputable; however, it is commonly assumed for cellular indicators [11].

Our study shows that the predictive potential of cellular indicators is highly influenced by the functional cell level at which the indicator is measured.

These cholesterol-ester loads can be significant for macrophages transforming them into "foam cell", one of the earliest cellular indicators of atherogenesis in arterial disease.

Comparison of genome-wide transcriptome profiles of microorganisms in response to diverse environmental conditions can reveal general stress response features [16] [19], and could lead to identification of cellular indicators for stress adaptive behavior.

The identification of predictive cellular indicators for stress adaptive behavior will enable the prediction of the impact of adaptive responses during mild stress (processing) conditions on subsequent microbial robustness, and can be exploited to control these stress adaptive traits.

Both short- and long-term biomarkers could be identified of which their induction levels were correlated to mild stress induced enhanced robustness towards lethal heat, acid and/or oxidative stress, respectively, and are therefore predictive cellular indicators for mild stress induced enhanced robustness.

In contrast, the catA transcript of the main vegetative catalase was not suitable to predict the robustness status towards lethal stress of mild stress pretreated cells for any of the tested conditions, underpinning the significance to evaluate the predictive potential of cellular indicators at different functional cell levels.