Moreover, tumor cells growing in such conditions lack the architectural and cellular complexity of in vivo tumors, so it is impossible to recreate the interaction between the tumor and its host [4].
Hence, to comprehend the outcome of cell biology research in clinical context, it is important that the cell culture based models should incorporate both the three dimensional (3D) organization and multi cellular complexity of an organ while allowing experimental interventions in a desirable manner.
We recognized the complications in the genetic and clinical diversity of transplant patients, multiple clinical centers, the cellular complexity of peripheral blood, and the impact of factors such as immunosuppression, environment and time post-transplant.
However, due to the high cellular complexity of whole blood cells samples, whole gene expression patterns should be carefully analyzed and deciphered to allow returning to an integrative view of the molecular mechanisms altered during the pathophysiological process studied [25].
While neutrophils are considered the main source of those defence molecules, this cellular origin cannot be established from the present study due to the cellular complexity of unfractionnated whole blood samples and to the possibility that other circulating cell types may express a neutrophil-like inflammatory repertoire under pathologic conditions [105].
However, the tremendous cellular complexity of the neuronal pain-processing circuitry (Todd, 2010) renders this task very difficult.
In addition, we discuss the implications that these findings may have on our understanding of the cellular complexity of the ancestor of cellular life.
In contrast, primary cultured cells are non-transformed and typically comprise a mixed population that is more representative of the cellular complexity of the tissue of origin.
The challenge for proteomic studies of the tumor microenvironment stems from the cellular complexity of the microenvironment, necessitating separate analysis of individual cell types.
