Our findings implicate a key role for these cellular compartments in acetate assimilation for Chlamydomonas.
In Trichodesmium, as in other cyanobacteria, metabolic pathways (e.g. respiration, photosynthesis, Ci fixation, N2 fixation, and combined nitrogen assimilation) share cellular complexes such as plastoquinone (PQ) pool, succinate dehydrogenase and ferredoxin [9] [11].
Proteolysis is ubiquitous in fungi, and is essential for protein degradation, amino acid assimilation and cellular differentiation.
The pH instability observed in microalgal culture from preferential utilization of ammonium can be explained by cellular regulation of nitrogen assimilation.
Sigma-54 is a central regulator in many pathogenic bacteria and has been linked to a multitude of cellular processes like nitrogen assimilation and important functional traits such as motility, virulence, and biofilm formation.
Furthermore, repression of glutamine synthetase (GS) in C. beijerinckii 8052 during ABE fermentation in the presence of furfural may decrease the production of glutamine, which may have undesirable effects with respect to nutrient assimilation and cellular redox balance.
The two-component signal transduction system (TCS) is a stimulus response coupling signal transduction machinery that allows bacteria to respond and adapt to changes in a wide range of environmental conditions, such as nutrient assimilation [ 32], cellular redox state [ 33] and bacterial virulence regulation [ 34].
In the absence of experimental techniques that enable individual cells to be followed throughout the spermatogenic cycle, a more profound understanding requires the assimilation of individual cellular behaviors into computational models that are quantitative and predictive.
To reveal cellular level metabolic controls on nitrogen assimilation in the absence of excess CO2, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultures were grown on air.
Studies in other biofuel producers, such as Clostridium thermocellum (13), Clostridium acetobutylicum (26), and Clostridium beijerinckii (27), also support the idea that furfural detoxification leads to NADPH depletion, which could hinder sulfur assimilation and other important cellular processes.
