Other cellular sources of ECM include endothelial cells, immune cells, smooth muscle, and epidermis.
As cancer is derived from our own cells, immune responses to dysregulated cell growth present a unique challenge.
We hypothesized that the carcinogens of tobacco smoke may modulate immune checkpoints and confer cancer cells immune escape.
This pop-up mini golf course features hazards like circulating tumor cells, immune checkpoints, and signaling cascades.
Whether tobacco carcinogens enable exposed cells immune escape resulting in carcinogenesis, and why patients who smoke respond better to immunotherapies than non-smokers, remains poorly understood.
Lab mice had many fewer cancer- and infection-fighting memory T cells — immune cells that have previously been exposed to pathogens — in their blood.
Successful establishment of a leukemia in the bone marrow involves the co-evolution of the malignant cells, immune and stromal cells, and the ECM.
Other colorectal cancers may begin among hormone-producing cells, immune cells, or underlying connective tissue.
Mackall's work has focused on CAR T cells, immune cells engineered to express receptors that lock onto and destroy malignant cells.
Progranulin (PGRN) is abundantly expressed in epithelial cells, immune cells, neurons, and chondrocytes, and reportedly contributes to tumorigenesis.
These data imply that STING ligands could be useful to induce either cell death in infected cells, immune response-mediated killing in SIV-DNA-positive cells, or even both.
