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In this way, NAADP-generating cell signalling pathways are able to impart additional regulation on cellular Ca2+-signalling events [ 19].
These genes were assigned to detoxication processes (CYP3A4, Gsta2, CYP4A1), cell signalling pathways and apoptosis (Eif2b3, Eif2b4, PKC).
This exposed ssDNA acts as a marker of stress and activates cell signalling pathways to halt cell cycle progression and mobilise DNA repair processes and, if these fail, initiation of cell destruction via apoptosis3.
Metabolic or cell signalling pathways are examples of biochemical networks exhibiting possible complex dynamics in the form of steady-state multiplicity, sustained oscillations or even deterministic chaos.
The recent characterization of the genomic landscape of breast and colorectal cancers have established that a few cell signalling pathways are critical for the clinical course of these cancers, in particular cell signalling pathways that are also central to the regulation of cell metabolism.
Another set of examples are genes responsible for sensing microbes and triggering down-stream cell signalling pathways.
Furthermore, phosphoproteomic approaches can be exploited to monitor changes in phosphorylation events in order to characterize drug actions on cell signalling pathways and/or signalling cascades.
The development of an oncogenic state is a complex process involving the accumulation of multiple independent mutations that lead to deregulation of cell signalling pathways central to the control of cell growth and cell fate.
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are an imperative novel class of targeted therapy which interfere with specific cell signalling pathways and hence permit target specific therapy for selected malignancies [3].
To elucidate the cell signalling pathways involved in these responses.
Binding of LPS to TLR4 activates cell signalling pathways leading to an inflammatory response [9].
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