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Microfilaments of actin are involved in cell shape modifications and movements, and microtubules (cylindrical bundle, composed from heterodimer of α- and β-tubulin) form the spindle apparatus [ 10].
It was established a decade ago that the increase in ploidy level from haploidy to tetraploidy results in an increase in the intracellular volume, which induces cell shape modifications [ 26].
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This highlights an important role of caspases in controlling cell-shape modification in apoptotic or non-apoptotic processes.
More recently, Toyama et al. showed that these cells present all the hallmarks of apoptosis, including blebbing and fragmentation, and that they induce cell-shape modification of their neighbors.
(D) Time series volume rendering image of interstitial ECFP+ cell showing shape modifications.
Proposed biological and biochemical responses of EMF effects are variable, including cell proliferation [ 6, 7], cell shape, plasma membrane structure modifications [ 8], alteration of gene expression [ 9], and apoptosis induction [ 10].
Changes in cell shape are correlated with modifications in microtubule and actin organization.
Some reports demonstrated that changes in cell shape precede and trigger dramatic modifications in both gene expression and enzymatic function.
Our question was: might modifications of cell shape reflect on nuclear morphology and architecture and hence on chromatin function, in order to represent a mechanism of cell regulation?
Furthermore, functional reprogramming of monocytes was also associated with cell shape and cell surface marker modifications.
These results indicate dramatic modifications in cell shape and organization that neutrophils are capable of performing.
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