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Almost all distant particle → particle interactions are 'caught' by fewer than O ( N ) cell → cell interactions, such that local interactions, requiring O ( N ) computations, dominate the overall workload (Dehnen [2002]).
Previous studies that aimed to understand the HCV cell coevolution process have revealed several interesting aspects of virus-host cell interactions, such as ER stress, UPR, autophagy and innate antiviral immunity responses in HCV replication.
Type 2 diabetes is characterised by elevated circulating levels of pro – inflammatory cytokines such as Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha [TNF-α] and the soluble forms of adhesion molecules involved in leukocyte – endothelial cell interactions, such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [VCAM-1] and E-selectin.
Analysis of encoded functions suggests that CRt is an obligate tick mutualist, as indicated by the possible provisioning of the tick with biotin (B7), riboflavin (B2) and other cofactors, and by the loss of most genes involved in host cell interactions, such as secretion systems.
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Therefore, CD47-functionalized artificial surfaces provide a superior opportunity for clinical application minimizing inflammatory cell interaction such as adhesion and activation.
The elevation of intracellular free calcium levels induced by PI-PLC from various pathogens plays key roles in various processes of microbe host cell interaction, such as bacterial internalization and host cell actin rearrangement.
Pathways involved in various signal transduction and cell-cell interactions such as ErbB signaling pathways, Focal adhesion, and Adherens junction are also significantly enriched in both AA and CA case-control comparisons.
Studies of cell-cell interactions such as those occurring in T cell contact-activation of human monocytes are usually complicated by the simultaneous presence of at least two viable cell types.
Genes involved in cell-cell interactions such as f11r and magi1 display isoform switches with alterations of coding sequences.
Mechanisms of cell-cell interactions such as tubular epithelium and peritubular capillary endothelium or interstitial fibroblasts need to be clarified.
Short synthetic connexin-mimetic peptide Gap 27 is highly effective in interrupting co-operative cell-cell interactions, such as the synchronous beating of embryonic cardiomyocytes [ 23].
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