This model suggests the existence of a link between giant cell fluctuations and the irregularities observed in the solar cycle, such as north south asymmetries and secular variations like the Maunder minimum.
Instead, an incoherent FFL can promote high target expression in miRNA-expressing cells, suggesting that miRNAs may have in this case a fine-tuning function, keeping the protein level in the correct functional range and, at the same time controlling the amount of cell to cell fluctuations of the target proteins [10], [17] [18].
We suspect this result, and the discrepancy between our analyses at ∼9 and ∼15 months after seroconversion and those of Dorrucci et al., may be due to the significant CD4 cell fluctuations that occur during acute and early infections [25], [28].
The nanoscale cell fluctuations were measured with and without the active actin contribution.
We present optical measurements of nanoscale red blood cell fluctuations obtained by highly sensitive quantitative phase imaging.
For a living cell, fluctuations are especially relevant when their correlation time is comparable to, or longer than, the cell cycle.
However, because temporal changes in intracellular protein abundances cannot be measured directly in live cells, fluctuations are typically assessed using genetically engineered reporter cell lines that produce a fluorescent signal as a proxy for protein expression.
Enlightened by the turbulence concept, i.e., just random quantity fluctuations which can cause additional fluid mixing and not turbulence structures such as diverse eddies, an analogy was made between random Brownian-motion-generated fluid-cell fluctuations and turbulence.
As mentioned earlier, characteristics of such type A signaling is small cell-to-cell fluctuations where the average (over a population of cells) behavior dominates the signaling.
The signaling network has a deterministic part that undergoes rapid activation by a strong stimulus in which case cell-to-cell fluctuations can be ignored.
